Agronomic Response of Common Bean “Azufrado Reyna” to Dif ferent Fertilization Sources

Abstract

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important legume that constitutes part of the daily feeding in countries like Mexico. In Northern Sinaloa, bean yield remains low from its potential due to factors associated to agronomic management and the environment. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in this area in order to investigate the response of common bean “Azufrado Reyna” to four dif ferent fertilization sources and rates on growth, dry matter production and yield. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Based on the results, the fertilization sources enhanced the plant height in treatments with urea and Nitrofoska Triple 16® at the stage of pod filling (90 dap), while, plants under organic fertilization showed the lowest height throughout the season. Also, the widest stem diameter was attained at 60 dap in treatments with triple 16 application. The fertilizer sources did not influence growth index at stages of flowering to pod filling, the average values were 42 and 51 cm respectively. Nevertheless, the lowest growth index values were observed in the treatments with organic fertilization. Plants with bulk blend 30-10-12 accumulated the highest amount of biomass (6656 kg ha-1), while the lowest accumulation (3391 kg ha-1) was recorded on treatments with organic blend. NDVI values were not af fected by fertilization source; in contrast to the SPAD lectures that were af fected by the source and rate at 45, 90 and 105 dap. The highest yield was obtained on treatments with Triple 16 (3.5 Mg ha‑1), whereas, treatments with urea and organic fertilization had very similar yields (1.8 Mg ha-1) and (1.6 Mg ha-1) respectively. Also, treatments receiving fertilization with bulk blend 30-10-12 and Triple 16 showed that a highest biomass production was strongly related with final yield.