Efecto de Rhizoglomus intraradices, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila y Fertilizante Sintético Sobre la Morfo-Productividad y Contenido Mineral en Pepino
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28940/terralatinoamericana.v43i.2226Palabras clave:
bacteriana, colonización, micorrizas, PGPR, rendimiento, rizobacteriaResumen
Los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) y rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento vegetal (PGPR) hacen eficiente la aplicación de dosis reducidas de fertilizantes sintéticos, estimulando el crecimiento y la productividad de los cultivos. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar el efecto combinado de Rhizoglomus intraradices, Stenotrophomonas rhizophila y una dosis reducida de fertilizante sintético en la morfo-productividad y contenido mineral de pepino bajo condiciones de invernadero. Un diseño completamente al azar se utilizó con los siguientes tratamientos; Fertilización sintética 100% (FS); R. intraradices + FS 50 % (Ri+FS50%); S. rhizophila + FS 50% (Sr+FS50%) y R. intraradices + S. rhizophila más FS 50% (Ri+Sr+FS50%) utilizando 200 plantas por tratamiento. Se determinó altura (cm), diámetro del tallo (mm), número de hojas y por planta se determinó; número de botones, flores masculinas y femeninas, número de zarcillos, índice de verdor (Iv), número y peso de frutos (g), peso total del fruto/planta (kg), rendimiento (kg m-2), contenido mineral de N, P, K, Ca y Mn en %, unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) y colonización micorrízica. Los datos fueron procesados a través de un análisis de varianza según el criterio de Tukey a un 95% de confianza. Los resultados indican que las plantas con Ri+Sr+FS50% incremento de forma significativa (P ≤ 0.001) la altura (24.18 cm), diámetro del tallo (6.40 mm), número de hojas (18.35), zarcillos (3.10), flores masculinas (0.4), índice de verdor (256.95), flores femeninas (8.90), número de frutos (8.6) y rendimiento (15.92 kg m-2), en comparación con la aplicación del fertilizante sintético al 100% (FS). El uso de microorganismos benéficos en combinación con una dosis reducida de fertilizantes sintéticos incrementa la productividad del pepino, por lo tanto, puede constituir una alternativa sostenible en los sistemas agrícolas, reduciendo costos de producción y disminuyendo la contaminación ambiental salvaguardando la salud humana y animal.
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