Impact of Organic and Mineral Fertilization on the Reductase Activity of Three Pinto Bean Varieties
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.28940/terralatinoamericana.v43i.2213Keywords:
benzil alcohol, biocatalysis, enzymes, seaweedAbstract
Enzymes are molecules that catalyze chemical reactions; in plants, they participate in various processes related to development and defense against biotic and abiotic stress. In green chemistry, microorganisms, seeds, and plants have been studied as biocatalysts to obtain environmentally friendly products. The ef fect of organic and mineral fertilization on the seed reductase activity of three pinto bean varieties, San Rafael (SR), Libertad (Lib), and Vaquita (Vaq), was evaluated. The evaluation was carried out over three crop cycles under greenhouse conditions. Three doses of organic fertilizer (a commercial sargassum extract), three doses of mineral fertilizer, and combinations of both were considered, along with an unfertilized control. Reductase activity was measured using HPLC by quantifying the production of hydroxymethylbenzene through the reduction of benzaldehyde, with the seeds serving as the reductase source. Biocatalytic activity followed the order SR > Lib > Vaq. Enzymatic activity increased with higher doses of organic fertilization, whereas mineral fertilization had no significant ef fect. In the second crop cycle, biotic stress caused by a red spider mite infestation resulted in increased biocatalytic activity in all three varieties. Seeds obtained from crops fertilized with sargassum extract are a good source of reductases.
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